The fortress city, with its particular nine-pointed star shape, represents one of the most important examples of military architecture of the modern age, and in 2017, the fortress of Palmanova became part of the #UNESCO World Heritage Site... #tuttitaly
The fortress city of Palmanova, in Friuli Venezia Giulia, in the province of Udine, is recognizable worldwide and, above all, for its nine-pointed star shape, representing one of the most important examples of military architecture of the modern age.
History
Palmanova was founded on 7 October 1593, commemorating the Lanza of Santa Giustina (patron saint of the city) and the anniversary of Lepanto's victory over the Turks (7 October 1571).
The history and culture of the city are strongly linked to the Most Serene Republic of Venice. The power founded the city to remove the expansionist aims of the Habsburgs of Austria and the raids of the Turks.
Remained under the Serenissima for more than 200 years, Palmanova was conquered in 1797 by General Bonaparte. After the Treaty of Campoformido, the fortress entered the Austrian Empire and was included in the Kingdom of Italy.
During the First World War, it was the site of troop training camps, and towards the end of the Second World War, the site of an anti-partisan repression center.
In 1960, the President of the Republic decreed Palmanova a "National Monument."
What to see
Palmanova is known for its Gates. The Porta Aquileia or Marittima, built-in 1598 underneath its cornice, presents the noble coats of arms found by the first nobles of the fortress. Noteworthy is the Porta Udine, built in 1605, on the facade of which we find the Marcian lion resting outside on the base between two small obelisks.
The door still has two large wheels used to lift the drawbridge. Also, in 1605, the Porta Cividale was built. This has two watchtowers connected by a fence.
Noteworthy is the Doge Cathedral, built in the early seventeenth century. Among the elements of great value, we find the small wooden Madonna attributed to Domenico da Tolmezzo and the seventeenth-century Pala Delle Milizie by Alessandro Varotari.
Also worth seeing is the Church of San Francesco, octagonal in shape, built in the first decade of the seventeenth century.
The Military Museum is worth a visit, which houses documentation collections on the fortifications, weapons, and uniforms of the various armies that followed one another over time in Palmanova. The museum also contains an archive of original military books, photographs, and documents.
To admire the collection of ancient weapons from Castel Sant'Angelo in Rome, you have to go to the Civic Historical
Museum, where you will also find documents that illustrate the city's history.
Demonstrations
Many occasions attract visitors to this beautiful Friulian town: Christmas markets are set up from 1 December to 6 January; the first weekend of September takes place the historical re-enactment of A.D. 1615 Palma Alle Armi, and on the first weekend of July, you can participate in The Game Fortress Comic & Movie Festival.
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